2004
This highly stylized form of writing was developed in China so that a word can be understood simultaneously in Arabic script and Chinese characters. In this case, the word is "peace;" in Arabic, al-salam (from top to bottom), and in Chinese, the character ning.
157 x 52.7 cm (61 13/16 x 20 3/4 in.)
Folding book mounted as a handscroll; ink on decorated paper; red punctuation
JapaneseUnmounted handscroll fragment; ink on paper
12th-14th centuryJapaneseOne of a pair of hanging scrolls now mounted as the third and fourth panels of a ten-panel folding screen; ink on paper decorated with seven dragon-and-pearl roundels interspersed with designs of flying bats and scrolling clouds, the decorations all painted in ink; with signature reading "Sŏk-ch'on Cho-su"; with two seals of the artist reading "Yun Yong Ku In" and "Yŏk Su Hŏn"
19th-20th centuryKoreanTwenty manuscript books; ink on paper, with cover paintings in gold pigment on indigo-dyed paper
17th centuryJapaneseHandscroll fragment; ink on paper with silver guidelines
12th-13th centuryJapaneseInk on paper
13th centuryJapaneseSecond of three handscrolls; ink on paper; punctuation: light red dots; reciting: dark red
10th-12th centuryJapaneseFramed panel; ink on paper
20th centuryJapaneseThe twenty-fifth of a series of 54 kotobagaki (calligraphic album leaves) mounted in an album with illustrations; ink and color on paper
16th centuryJapaneseHandscroll converted into an "orihon" (folding book); ink on paper with columnar guidelines in pale ink and punctuation marks in red; Paper covers with pale red printed design and printed label. Dated by inscription.
8th centuryJapanese27th of a set of 54 thread-bound books; ink on paper
17th-18th centuryJapaneseHandscroll fragment mounted as a hanging scroll; gold on paper
8th centuryJapanese